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Borderline Personality Disorder – An Introduction

Borderline Personality Disorder is a psychological disorder that is generally defined by its symptoms of emotional instability. Patients who have Borderline Personality Disorder demonstrate wildly erratic emotions without external stimulation. Their thinking becomes unstable and erratic and may alternate with calm and rational thinking, but also with symptoms of psychosis. They are very unpredictable.

Borderline Personality Disorder affects a person’s self-image, moods and behavior, and can also be very disruptive to their close interpersonal relationships. People who have this disorder are often intelligent, friendly, and very competent in life, and they can maintain this appearance for many years – they may only show the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder after (or when) a very stressful life event occurs.

Doctors attribute both nurturing (environmental) and genetic (nature) factors as playing a role in causes of Borderline Personality Disorder. This is perhaps why this disorder remains one of the most controversial mental illness diagnoses in our country.

Since the beginning of Borderline Personality Disorder as a diagnosis, doctors have attempted to give the disorder a more solid definition. Some research has indicated that Borderline Personality Disorder is a form of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) characterized by the severe disruption of both identity and relationships, while other research has indicated that the disorder is simply a misused diagnosis which cannot be considered a defined disorder in itself. Some doctors note instead that the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder can be attributed to another mental or physical illness or disease.

Whatever the cause or name, Borderline Personality Disorder is a serious disorder that creates instability in a person’s sense of self, in his/her relationships, mood, and ability to function. However, with treatment, patients can improve and lead productive lives.

Whereas people with Bipolar Disorder will often go through phases with the same symptoms and mood for several weeks, people who have Borderline Personality Disorder often exhibit their symptoms for mere hours or, at most, a day.

Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder include: depression; anxiety; extreme anger or rage; aggression; feeling misunderstood or mistreated; feelings of unworthiness, guilt or being a bad person; feeling bored, hopeless, lonely or empty; feelings of isolation and disconnection from society; attempts at self-injury; talk and/or attempts of suicide; substance abuse; sexual promiscuity and other risky sexual behavior; extreme sensitivity to rejection and criticism; fear of abandonment (even for brief separations); not wanting to be alone; quick attachment to new friends alternating with quick rejection of people; distorted thinking; rapid changes in behavior; poor judgment regarding decisions about jobs, relationships, money, etc.; over-spending; overeating; impulsive behavior; needing constant reassurance and affirmation; identity disturbances, such as uncertainty of self-identity, sexuality (gender), life choices, goals, etc.; overly dependent on others; very demanding; and/or difficulty trusting self and others.

Assessment for Borderline Personality Disorder includes a physical and complete medical history by a doctor to rule out the chance that other health conditions are causing the person’s symptoms. Since the symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder can masquerade as other mental illnesses, such as Bipolar Disorder, as well, the doctor will also do a complete mental health exam.

Treatment for Borderline Personality Disorder can include one or more of the following: Medications (Antidepressant and/or Mood Stabilizers), Group therapy and other self-help groups, Social Rehabilitation, Psychotherapy, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), and – in extreme cases – hospitalization.

About the Author

David Oliver is the founder of BorderlineCentral.com a one stop source of information on how to cope and deal with borderline personality disorder.

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